初一英语辅导知识-时间状语从句讲解

英语这门课程在初一学习过程中的重要性不言而喻，对知识点进行归纳学习可以有效地帮助大家的英语学习。针对初一英语的学习，我们学大教育专家为大家带来了初一英语辅导知识-时间状语从句讲解，希望可以给大家带来帮助。

1.when while as after before as soon as since till /until by the time 在时间状语从句中，要注意时态一致。一般情况下主句是将来时的时候，从句要用一般现在时。

when, while和as的区别

when引导的从句的谓语动词可以是延续性的动词，又可以是瞬时动词。

when有时表示“就在那时”，when=and then; at that moment (正在那个时候); 还可以表示从句动词的动作在主句动词的动作"之前 "或"之后"发生。有很多情况已经约定俗成，可以当成句型来记忆。例如：

be going to do .... when ...did ...

be about to do.... when.... didi...

be on the point of doing... when ...did...

be starting to do.... when ... did...

be doing.... when ... did...

had just done....when.... did...

had hardly done....when....did....

had scarcely done....when....did...

had no sooner done... when... did...

When she came in, I stopped eating. (瞬时动词)

When I lived in the countryside, I used to carry some water for him.(延续性的动词)

We were about to leave when he came in.

When I had read the article, he called me. ( 从句动作发生在主句之前，注意时态表达，只能用when )

When I got to the cinema, the film had begun. (从句的动作发生在主句之后，只能用when,并要注意时态)

He was about to leave, when the telephone rang. ( 此时不能放在句首。主句动词一般表达 “正在” “即将”.at the moment/and then)

许多同学只知道 when 表示“当……的时候”，其实还可以是“尽管”、“虽然”、“既然”、“本该...却..."(对比)、“如果”、“考虑到”的意思。

又虽然He walks when he might take a taxi. 尽管他可以坐出租车，但他却走路。He stopped trying when he might have succeeded next time. 尽管他本来下次就可以成功的了，但他却停止努力了。The boy was restless when he should have listened to the teacher carefully. 这男孩子本来应该专心听老师讲的，但他却坐立不安。这男孩子本来应该专心听老师讲的，但他却坐立不安。

如Come when you are ready. (if)

I can’t tell you anything when you won’t listen.(although)

She stopped trying, when she might succeed next time.(although)

They have only three copies when we need five. (本该...却...)

When the wind blows, all the doors rattle.(whenever)

(D)：Why do you want a new job ______ you’ve got such a good one already?

A. that B. where C. which D. when

He was about to tell me the secret _________ someone patted him on the shoulder.

A. as B. until C. when D. while

分析：答案 C。最大干扰项是A。when 意为“这时(突然)”，主要用于某一动作突然发生于另一动作正在进行或刚要发生之时。此时的 when 可以连用副词 suddenly，也可以不连用它，但值得注意的是，同学们不能单独用 suddenly 来代替 when，如下面各题的答案选A，不选B：

I was about to go out ______ the telephone rang.

A. when B. suddenly C. as soon as D. directly

We were swimming in the lake ______ the storm started.

A. when B. suddenly C. until D. before

She was walking down the road _________ she heard someone shouting for help.

A. when B. suddenly C. until D. before

While引导的从句的谓语动作必须是延续性的，用于时间较长时;并强调主句和从句的动作同时发生(或者相对比 译为‘而’)。例如：

While my wife was reading the newspaper, I was watching TV. (was reading是延续性的动词，was reading和was watching同时发生)

I like playing football while you like playing basketball.(对比)

Would buy me some stamps while you are in the post office?

While locked up in prison, she wrote her first novel.

While Mary was writing a letter, the children were playing outside.

As表示“一边……一边”，as引导的动作是延续性的动作?不能是状态动词，一般用于强调主句和从句动作同时发生;as也可以强调“一先一后”、表示对比时，用于发生时间较短时例如：

We always sing as we walk.(as表示“一边……一边”)

As we was going out, it began to snow.(as强调句中两个动作紧接着先后发生，而不强调开始下雪的特定时间) 有时这三个连词可以互换，有时不可以。It was raining hard when (as) I got there.( 动作同时发生，when可换为as, 但不能换为while，因为get是点动词.)

Mother was worried because little Alice was ill, especially as (when/ while) father was away. (此时as ,when, while可通用) while, as不能代替

While the alien was buying a souvenir, the girl called the police. (表示主句，从句的动作同时发生)

She thought I was talking about her daughter, while, in fact, I was talking about my daughter. (表转折，对比，when, as都不能代替它)

2.由before和after引导的时间状语从句。

注意before引导的从句不再用否定式的谓语，主句用将来时，从句总是用现在时;如果before引导的从句谓语用的是过去时，则主句动词多用过去完成时或者一般过去时，根据情况可翻译成“...才....”，“....就....”，“....还没....”，“...趁着....”“然后...." 等。After表示主句动作发生在从句动作之后。主句和从句的动作的时间关系正好与before引导的从句相反。例如：

It will be four days before they come back. (...才....)

It wasn't long before they got arrested by the policemen.(就)

Einstein almost knocked me down before he saw me.(才)

My father had left for Canada just before the letter arrived.(才)

They had not been married four months before they were divorced.(就)

Think before you leap.(然后)

He had gone out of the door before I could say a single word of it.(还没)

Do it before it gets worse.(趁着)

Eat it before the food gets cold.(趁着)

Don't let me know what you decide before you think it over.

After you think it over, please let me know what you decide.

After we had finished the work, we went home.(从句用过去完成时，主句用一般过去时)

The fire went on for quite some time _________ it was brought under control.

A. when B. since C. after D. before

【分析】答案 D。最大的陷阱是A when.before 意为“在……之前”，句意是“大火在得到控制之前燃烧了相当一段时间”。又如：

He made a mistake, but then he corrected the situation _________ it got worse.

A. until B. when C. before D. as

Someone called me up in the middle of the night, but they hung up _________ I could answer the phone.

A. as B. since C. until D. before

She is getting better by degrees, but it will be some time _________ she is completely well.

A. that B. since C. when D. before

They sat down opposite each other, but it was some moments _________ they spoke.

A. after B. before C. since D. when

Do it ________ you forget it.

A. after B. before C. until D. unless

The keys: C D D B B

3.由till或until引导的时间状语从句。

till和until一般情况下两者可以互换，但是在强调句型中多用until。并且要注意的是：如果主句中的谓语动词是瞬时动词时，必须用否定形式;如果主句中的谓语动词是延续性动词时，用肯定或否定形式都可以，但表达的意思不同。例如：

I didn't go to bed until(till) my father came back.

It was not until the meeting was over that he began to teach me English.

I worked until he came back.我工作到他回来为止。动作结束的时间

I didn't work until he came back.他回来我这才开始工作。动作开始的时间

Please wait until I arrived.

4.由since/before引导的时间状语从句。

一般情况下，从句谓语动词用一般过去时，而主句的谓语动词用现在完成时。但在It is +时间+since从句的句型中，主句多用一般现在时。例如：

I have been in Beijing since you left.

It is four years since my sister lived in Beijing.(动词延续，译为否定句)

It was a long time before I went to sleep again.

It was an hour before(=until) the police arrived.

She had known something about it long before I told her.

Do it before you forget it.

It wasn’t long before they got married.

5.由as soon as, immediately, directly, instantly, the moment, the second, the instant, the minute, the while 等引导的时间状语从句。这些连词都表示“一……就”。例如：

I will go there directly I have finished my breakfast.

The moment I heard the news, I hastened to the spot.

【注意】hardly(scarcely, rarely)…when / before, no sooner…than相当于as soon as之意。主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时。当hardly, scarcely, rarely和no sooner位于句首时，主句应用倒装语序。例如：

He had no sooner arrived home than he was asked to start on another journey.

No sooner had the sun shown itself above the horizon than he got out of bed to commence work.

6.由by the time引导的时间状语从句。

在一般情况下，如果从句的谓语动词用一般过去时，主句的谓语动词用过去完成时;如果主句的谓语动词用一般现在时，主句的谓语动词用将来完成时或将来进行时。例如：

By the time you came back, I had finished this book.

By the time you come here tomorrow, I will have finished this work.

By the time you come back tomorrow, I will be having lessons in class.

By the time you arrived home, I will be studying in this university.

7.由each time\every time\next time/last time/every time/the first time,和whenever/no matter when引导的时间状语从句。例如：

Each time he came to Harbin, he would call on me.

Whenever that man says “To tell the truth”, I suspect that he's about to tell a lie.

No matter when she says ‘to tell the truth’, I suspect that he’s about to tell a lie.

8.由as long as和so long as引导的时间状语从句。这两个连词表示“有多久……就多久”或者“只要”。如 　　You can go where you like as long as you get back before dark.

I will fight against these conditions as long as there is a breath in my body!

You can stay as long as 10 days.

初一英语辅导知识-时间状语从句讲解经过上文的讲述我们已经知道了，希望同学们可以通过上文所提供的知识更好地进行初一英语课程的学习。